BP504T PHARMACOGNOSY UNIT 03 PART 04 RESINS

BP504T PHARMACOGNOSY UNIT 03 PART 04 RESINS

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  Anubhav Gupta 1 ASHOKAINSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACY Ashoka Engineering Chauraha, Paharia, Sarnath, Varanasi Name Of Unit General introduction, composition, chemistry & chemical classes, bio -sources, therapeutic uses and commercial applications of certain secondary metabolites. Subject /Course Pharmacognosy and Photochemistry-II Subject/Course ID BP 504T Unit 3rd Class: B.Pharm. Semester 5th Course Coordinator Mr. Anubhav Gupta Learning Outcome To outline the isolation, identification and analysis of phytoconstituents.
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  Anubhav Gupta 2 ModuleContent Topic Isolation, Identification and Analysis of Phytoconstituents. Terpenoids: Menthol, Citral, Artemisin. Glycosides: Glycyrhetinic acid & Rutin. Alkaloids: Atropine, Quinine, Reserpine, Caffeine Resins: Podophyllotoxin, Curcumin.
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  Anubhav Gupta 3 RESINS •Resins are amorphous product of complex chemical nature. • Resins are mixtures of essential oils, oxygenated products of terpene and carboxylic acids found as exudations from the trunk of various trees. • These are normally produced either in schizogenous or in schizolysigenous ducts or in cavities and are regarded as the end products of metabolism.
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  Anubhav Gupta 4 RESINS GENERALPROPERTIES: • They are found to be translucent or transparent solid, semisolid or liquid substances. • Most of the resins are heavier than water. • They are water insoluble but mostly soluble in alcohol, volatile oil, fixed oils, chloral hydrate and non polar organic solvents like benzene or ether. • They are hard, electrically non-conductive and combustible masses. • Chemically, they contain organic acids, alcohols, and esters.
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  Anubhav Gupta 5 CLASSIFICATION: RESIN Occurrence with Secondary Metabolite Oleoresin e.g., Turmeric, Capsicum Gum Resin e.g., Cannabis Oleo-Gum Resin e.g., Guggul, Asafoetida Glyco Resin e.g., Podophyllum Balsams e.g., Tolu Balsams, Peru Balsams Chemical Constituents Acid Resin e.g., Colophony Alcohol Resin e.g., Balsam of Peru Ester Resin e.g., Benzoin, Storax
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  Anubhav Gupta 6 PODOPHYLOTOXIN BIOLOGICALSOURCE: • Podophylotoxin is the lactone resin. • It is present in the root and rhizome of Podophyllum hexandrum and Podophyllum emodi, Family – Berberidaceae • Podophyllum resin contains not less than 40% and not more than 50% of podophyllotoxin.
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  Anubhav Gupta 7 PODOPHYLOTOXIN PROPERTIES: •Appearance: White to off-white solid • Odour: Characteristic • Taste: Bitter • Solubility: It is soluble in acetone, benzene; slightly soluble in water; insoluble in ethyl ether. IDENTIFICATION BY CHEMICAL TEST: Sample + 50% Sulphuric acid  Violet-blue colour
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  Anubhav Gupta 8 ISOLATION: P.Emodi Root Powder + Methanol Mix, Filter & Evaporate Semi-Solid Mass + Acidic Water Precipitation (Left for 2 Hrs.) Filter & Wash (Cold Water) Residue + Acidic Water (Wash) Dry (Dark Brown Amorphous Powder) Dark Powder + Hot Alcohol Filter & Evaporate Residue + Benzene (Re-Crystallized)  Podophyllotoxin
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  Anubhav Gupta 9 PODOPHYLOTOXIN ANALYSISBY TLC • Sample preparation : 1mg of Podophyllotoxin is dissolved in 1ml of methanol • Standard sample : Podophyllotoxin • Stationary phase : Silica Gel-G • Mobile phase : Chloroform : Methanol (90:10) for about 6 cm (Only Glycon separates) Chloroform: Acetone (65:35) upto 12cm • Detecting agent : Spray with Methanol - Sulphuric Acid and heat 10 minutes at 110 C • RF Value : 0.65 • Colour spot : Yellow spot
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  Anubhav Gupta 10 PODOPHYLOTOXIN ANALYSISBY HPLC • Method : Isocratic • Stationary phase : C18 column • Mobile phase : Methanol: water (6:4) at flow rate 0.8ml/min. • Detection : Photodiode detector at 283nm UTILIZATION: • Used as cathartic & purgative. • Antiviral agent • Vesicant, & Antitumor agents (antiproliferative agent) • Antihelminthic.
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  Anubhav Gupta 11 CURCUMIN BIOLOGICALSOURCE: • Curcumin or Curcuminoids are the diaryl hepnoid compounds. • They are obtained from the dried rhizomes of Turmeric, Curcuma longa, Family – Zingiberaceae • Curcumin is the major colouring principle present upto 5% in the rhizomes. • It is a mixture of curcumin, monodesmethoxycurcumin and bisdesmethoxycurcumin.
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  Anubhav Gupta 12 CURCUMIN PROPERTIES: •Appearance: Orange yellow crystalline powder • Odour: Characteristic • Taste: Slightly pungent bitter • Solubility: Insoluble in water and ether, but soluble in alcohol IDENTIFICATION BY CHEMICAL TEST: Sample + Acetic Anhydride & H2SO4 (conc.)  Violet Colour UV light  Green Fluorescence
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  Anubhav Gupta 13 ISOLATION: TurmericPowder + n- Hexane  Extract (2 Hrs.) Filter Marc + Acetone  Extract (2 Hrs.) Solvent Removed Residue is Dried Residue + Hot Ethanol ( Re-Crystallized) Orange – Red Needles Method 1 CURCUMIN
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  Anubhav Gupta 14 Method2 CURCUMIN ISOLATION: Turmeric Powder + Alcohol Soxhlet Extraction (Decolorisation) Filter & Concentrate (Reduced Pressure) Semi-Solid Residue Residue + Benzene  Separating Funnel 0.1% NaOH Sol  Shake Repeated Twice Alkali Layer Collected Alkali Layer + HCl  Yellow Precipitate Concentrate  Lumpy Mass Filter & Evaporate Curcumin Crystals
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  Anubhav Gupta 15 CURCUMIN ANALYSISBY TLC: • Sample preparation : 1mg of Curcumin is dissolved in 1ml of methanol • Standard sample : Curcumin • Mobile phase : Chloroform : Ethanol : Glacial acetic acid (94:5:1) • Detecting agent : Observed under U.V. light at 366nm • RF Value : 0.79
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  Anubhav Gupta 16 CURCUMIN ANALYSISBY HPLC: • Method : Isocratic • Stationary phase : C18 Column • Mobile phase : Methanol: 2% Acetic acid and Acetonitrile • Detection : UV -Visible detection 425nm UTILIZATION: • It is used as ant-inflammatory. • Anti arthritic, antimicrobial and antioxidant. • It is also used against peptic ulcer, antiseptic.