Presentation Grade 11 General Science (Quarter 3)

GENERAL SCIENCE 11
BIOLOGY
WEEK 1-PART 2

Lesson 1: How Life Forms Operate: Systems
Working Together.
Lesson 2: The relationship between the
structural components of a biological system
and their functions.

Objective:
1. Explain how life forms operate as systems of
related parts working together using simple
plants or animals as examples.
2. Create a diagram that shows the relationship
between the structural components of a
biological system and their functions.

How Life Forms Operate: Systems
Working Together

The intricate web of life is comprised of countless systems
working together in harmony to sustain the complex
processes that govern living organisms. From the tiniest
microorganisms to the mightiest trees, life forms operate
through an intricate dance of systems that enable them to
grow, adapt, and respond to their environment. This
fascinating interplay of systems allows life to thrive in an
astonishing array of ecosystems, from the driest deserts to
the deepest oceans. By exploring how life forms operate ,
we can gain

a deeper understanding of the intricate mechanisms that
underlie the natural world and appreciate the remarkable
diversity of life on Earth. In this exploration, we will look
into the fascinating world of biological systems, examining
how they work together to support life and enable
organisms to flourish in an ever-changing world.
In life science, organisms are made up of various systems
that work together to maintain life.

Plant Systems:
• Roots: Absorb water and nutrients from the soil, like a straw
sucking up a drink.
• Stem: Transport water and nutrients to the leaves, like a
pipeline.
• Leaves: Produce energy through photosynthesis, using
sunlight, water, and CO2 to create glucose and oxygen.
• Photosynthesis: The process by which plants make their own
food, like a solar-powered kitchen.

The plant systems work together seamlessly:
In plants, structure and function are intrinsically linked at
every organizational level, from cells to organ systems. For
example, the rigid cell wall of plant cells provides support,
while their chloroplasts are structured to efficiently capture
light for photosynthesis. The specialized structures of root
systems, like root hairs, increase surface area for water
absorption, and the large surface area of leaves, along with
pores called stomata, are optimized for gas exchange and
photosynthesis.

Animal Systems:
The human body is a complex system made up of multiple systems
that work together to maintain overall health and function. Here are
a few examples:
.

Animal Systems:
The human body is a complex system made up of multiple systems
that work together to maintain overall health and function. Here are
a few examples:
.
• Nervous System:
The nervous system,
including the brain,
spinal cord, and nerves,
works with the
Muscular System to
control movement and
respond to stimuli.

• Circulatory System: The
heart pumps blood through
the Respiratory System
(lungs) to pick up oxygen and
deliver it to the body's cells,
while also removing waste
products.

• Digestive System:
The digestive system breaks
down food into nutrients,
which are then absorbed
into the bloodstream and
delivered to the body's cells
through the Circulatory
System.

• Endocrine System:
The endocrine system
works with the other
body systems through
chemical messengers
(hormones) to regulate
functions like
metabolism, growth and
reproduction.

Systems Working Together:
When you run, your body systems work together seamlessly:
The ______________sends signals to your muscles to move.
The ______________ contracts and relaxes to propel you forward.
The ______________ increases blood flow to deliver oxygen and
nutrients to your muscles.
The _______________ increases breathing rate to take in more oxygen.
The _______________ releases hormones to regulate energy
production and other bodily functions.
This harmonious integration of systems enables you to run efficiently
and respond to your environment.

Systems Working Together:
When you run, your body systems work together seamlessly:
The Nervous System sends signals to your muscles to move.
The Muscular System contracts and relaxes to propel you forward.
The Circulatory System increases blood flow to deliver oxygen and
nutrients to your muscles.
The Respiratory System increases breathing rate to take in more oxygen.
The Endocrine System releases hormones to regulate energy production
and other bodily functions.
This harmonious integration of systems enables you to run efficiently
and respond to your environment.

Other Examples:
In birds, the Respiratory System and Circulatory System
work together to provide oxygen to the body's cells,
enabling flight.
In dolphins, the Nervous System and Muscular System
work together to control swimming and maneuverability.
These examples illustrate how life forms operate through
complex systems that work together to maintain life and
enable organisms to thrive in their environments.

Plant and Animal Biological Systems:
Structure and Function Relationships

Plants:
• Roots: Structural components (root hairs, cortex, vascular tissue)
facilitate water and nutrient absorption, anchorage, and storage.
• Leaves: Structural components (cuticle, epidermis, mesophyll cells,
vascular tissue) enable photosynthesis, gas exchange, and
transpiration.
• Stems: Structural components (epidermis, cortex, vascular tissue,
pith) provide support, transport water and nutrients, and store
nutrients.

Animals:
• Nervous System: Structural components (neurons,
synapses, brain, spinal cord) facilitate communication,
coordination, and response to stimuli.
• Circulatory System: Structural components (heart,
blood vessels, blood) transport oxygen, nutrients, and
waste products.
• Muscular System: Structural components (skeletal
muscles, smooth muscles, cardiac muscle) enable
movement, support, and maintain posture.

Key Relationships:
• Structure determines function: The shape and organization of
structural components determine their functional roles.
• Interconnectedness: Components work together to maintain
homeostasis and enable organisms to respond to their
environment.
• Specialization: Different components specialize in specific
functions, contributing to overall organism function.
These relationships highlight the intricate mechanisms underlying
plant and animal biology, demonstrating how structure and function
are intimately linked to support life.

DAY 1 Activity 1: Plant Puzzle Pieces
Direction: Create a diagram of a plant and label its different parts
(roots, stem, leaves). Explain how each part works together with
the others to keep the plant alive.
Guide Questions:
1. What would happen if a plant didn't have roots?
2. How do the leaves and stem work together to produce energy
for the plant?
3. What would happen if the plant's vascular system didn't
function properly?

DAY 2 Activity 2: Animal Assembly Line
Direction: Choose a simple animal (e.g. worm, insect) and
create a model or diagram showing its different systems (e.g.
digestive, nervous, circulatory). Explain how each system works
together with the others to keep the animal alive.
Guide Questions:
1. How do the different systems in the animal work together to
respond to stimuli?
2. What would happen if one of the systems failed to function
properly?

DAY 3 Activity 3: Structure-Function Match
Direction: Create pairs of cards with different biological structures (e.g.
root hair, neuron, red blood cell) on one card and their functions (e.g.
absorption, transmission of signals, oxygen transport) on another. Match
the structure cards with their corresponding function cards.
Guide Questions:
1. How does the structure of each component enable it to perform its
function?
2. What would happen if the structure of a component changed?
3. Can you think of other examples of structure-function relationships in
biology?

DAY 4 Activity 4: Designing a Biological System
Direction: Choose a specific function (e.g. photosynthesis,
movement, nutrient absorption) and design a biological system
that could perform that function. Consider the structural
components needed to achieve the function.
Guide Questions:
1. What structural components are necessary for the system to
function properly?
2. How do the different components work together to achieve
the desired function?

Presentation Grade 11 General Science (Quarter 3)

Presentation Grade 11 General Science (Quarter 3)

More Related Content

Similar to Presentation Grade 11 General Science (Quarter 3)

Recently uploaded

Presentation Grade 11 General Science (Quarter 3)