What is a Partial Correlation?
Welcome to this brief explanation on a 
Partial Correlation!
Partial correlation is an expression of analyses of 
co-variance (ANCOVA) applied to questions of 
prediction and relationship
Partial correlation is an expression of analyses of 
co-variance (ANCOVA) applied to questions of 
prediction and relationship 
Prediction 
& 
Relationship
. . . rather than questions of differences 
addressed by ANCOVA.
. . . rather than questions of differences 
addressed by ANCOVA.
Partial correlation estimates the relationship 
between two variables while removing the 
influence of a third variable from the 
relationship.
Partial correlation estimates the relationship 
between two variables while removing the 
influence of a third variable from the 
relationship. 
Relationship between 
a guy and a girl
Partial correlation estimates the relationship 
between two variables while removing the 
influence of a third variable from the 
relationship. 
Taking out the effect 
of video games on 
that relationship
For example, a researcher might want to know 
the relationship between height and weight.
For example, a researcher might want to know 
the relationship between height and weight. 
&
However, she is aware that people’s bone and 
muscle structures vary according to gender.
However, she is aware that people’s bone and 
muscle structures vary according to gender.
She can calculate a partial correlation between 
height and weight while removing (holding 
constant, eliminating) the effect of gender on 
the correlation.
She can calculate a partial correlation between 
height and weight while removing (holding 
constant, eliminating) the effect of gender on 
the correlation. 
&
She can calculate a partial correlation between 
height and weight while removing (holding 
constant, eliminating) the effect of gender on 
the correlation. 
&
She can calculate a partial correlation between 
height and weight while removing (holding 
constant, eliminating) the effect of gender on 
the correlation. 
& 
The Effect of Gender
Here’s the data set:
Here’s the data set: 
Individual Height 
(inches) 
Weight 
(pounds) 
Gender (1 – male, 2 – female) 
A 73 240 1 
B 70 210 1 
C 69 180 1 
D 68 160 1 
E 70 150 2 
F 68 140 2 
G 67 135 2 
H 62 120 2
Here’s the data set: 
Individual Height 
(inches) 
Weight 
(pounds) 
Gender (1 – male, 2 – female) 
A 73 240 1 
B 70 210 1 
C 69 180 1 
D 68 160 1 
E 70 150 2 
F 68 140 2 
G 67 135 2 
H 62 120 2
First let’s see what the correlation between 
height and weight is and then we will see what 
the correlation would be if we controlled for 
gender
Correlation between Height and Weight
Correlation between Height and Weight 
Individual Height 
(inches) 
Weight 
(pounds) 
Gender (1 – male, 2 – female) 
A 73 240 1 
B 70 210 1 
C 69 180 1 
D 68 160 1 
E 70 150 2 
F 68 140 2 
G 67 135 2 
H 62 120 2
Correlation between Height and Weight
Correlation between Height and Weight 
& = .825
However, when controlling for gender the 
correlation between height and weight is:
However, when controlling for gender the 
correlation between height and weight is: 
& controlling for
However, when controlling for gender the 
correlation between height and weight is: 
& controlling for 
= .770
While still large, the relationship between height 
and weight is accounted for in part by gender.
While still large, the relationship between height 
and weight is accounted for in part by gender.

What is a partial correlation?

  • 1.
    What is aPartial Correlation?
  • 2.
    Welcome to thisbrief explanation on a Partial Correlation!
  • 3.
    Partial correlation isan expression of analyses of co-variance (ANCOVA) applied to questions of prediction and relationship
  • 4.
    Partial correlation isan expression of analyses of co-variance (ANCOVA) applied to questions of prediction and relationship Prediction & Relationship
  • 5.
    . . .rather than questions of differences addressed by ANCOVA.
  • 6.
    . . .rather than questions of differences addressed by ANCOVA.
  • 7.
    Partial correlation estimatesthe relationship between two variables while removing the influence of a third variable from the relationship.
  • 8.
    Partial correlation estimatesthe relationship between two variables while removing the influence of a third variable from the relationship. Relationship between a guy and a girl
  • 9.
    Partial correlation estimatesthe relationship between two variables while removing the influence of a third variable from the relationship. Taking out the effect of video games on that relationship
  • 10.
    For example, aresearcher might want to know the relationship between height and weight.
  • 11.
    For example, aresearcher might want to know the relationship between height and weight. &
  • 12.
    However, she isaware that people’s bone and muscle structures vary according to gender.
  • 13.
    However, she isaware that people’s bone and muscle structures vary according to gender.
  • 14.
    She can calculatea partial correlation between height and weight while removing (holding constant, eliminating) the effect of gender on the correlation.
  • 15.
    She can calculatea partial correlation between height and weight while removing (holding constant, eliminating) the effect of gender on the correlation. &
  • 16.
    She can calculatea partial correlation between height and weight while removing (holding constant, eliminating) the effect of gender on the correlation. &
  • 17.
    She can calculatea partial correlation between height and weight while removing (holding constant, eliminating) the effect of gender on the correlation. & The Effect of Gender
  • 18.
  • 19.
    Here’s the dataset: Individual Height (inches) Weight (pounds) Gender (1 – male, 2 – female) A 73 240 1 B 70 210 1 C 69 180 1 D 68 160 1 E 70 150 2 F 68 140 2 G 67 135 2 H 62 120 2
  • 20.
    Here’s the dataset: Individual Height (inches) Weight (pounds) Gender (1 – male, 2 – female) A 73 240 1 B 70 210 1 C 69 180 1 D 68 160 1 E 70 150 2 F 68 140 2 G 67 135 2 H 62 120 2
  • 21.
    First let’s seewhat the correlation between height and weight is and then we will see what the correlation would be if we controlled for gender
  • 22.
  • 23.
    Correlation between Heightand Weight Individual Height (inches) Weight (pounds) Gender (1 – male, 2 – female) A 73 240 1 B 70 210 1 C 69 180 1 D 68 160 1 E 70 150 2 F 68 140 2 G 67 135 2 H 62 120 2
  • 24.
  • 25.
    Correlation between Heightand Weight & = .825
  • 26.
    However, when controllingfor gender the correlation between height and weight is:
  • 27.
    However, when controllingfor gender the correlation between height and weight is: & controlling for
  • 28.
    However, when controllingfor gender the correlation between height and weight is: & controlling for = .770
  • 29.
    While still large,the relationship between height and weight is accounted for in part by gender.
  • 30.
    While still large,the relationship between height and weight is accounted for in part by gender.