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Reliability and validity ppt
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- 2. VALIDITY • “Validity refersto the truthfulness of findings. It determines whether the research truly measures that what it was intended to measure or how truthful the research results are.” • Validity refers to the credibility or believability of the research. Are the findings genuine? Is hand strength a valid measure of intelligence?
- 3. Valid measures should satisfythree criteria • Content Validity • Construct Validity • Criterion-Related Validity
- 4. 1. Content Validity Contentvalidity concerns the extent to which a measure adequately represents all facets of concept. Validity access the following: a. Does the instrumental seem like a reasonable way to gain the desired information? b. Does it seems well designed? c. Is it good “operationalization” or “translation” of the construct?
- 5. 2. Construct Validity Constructvalidity is the extent to which a test measures the concept or construct that it is intended to measure. Convergent and discriminate validity: • Convergent validity refers to the degree to which two measures of constructs that theoretically should be related, are in fact related. • In contrast discriminate validity tests whether concepts or measurements that are supposed to be unrelated are, in fact, unrelated
- 6. Three steps shouldfollow to know whether a piece of research has construct validity: 1. The theoretical relationship must be specified. 2. The empirical relationship between the measures of the concept must be examined. 3. The empirical evidences must be interpret.
- 7. Criterion validity Criterion isthe extent to which a measure is related to an outcome. Criterion validity is often divided into concurrent and predictive validity. • Concurrent validity refers to a comparison between the measure in question and an outcome assessed at the same time. • Predictive validity on the other hand, compares the measure in question with an outcome assessed at a later time.
- 8. RELIABILITY • The extentto which results are consistent over time and an accurate representation of the total population under study is referred to as a reliability, and if the results of a study can be reproduced under a similar methodology, then the research instrument is considered to be reliable. • Reliability means the consistency between measurements in a series.
- 9. Methods of Obtaining Reliability 1.Test -Related Reliability: same test is given to the same people after a period of time 2. Alternative form Reliability: same test isnt given instead two tests must be designed to measure the same things. 3. Split-Half Reliability: it involves dividing the total number of items into two groups and computing a measures of similarity (calculating correlation between two halves of an instruments)
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