Design of a Wideband 8x8 MIMO Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G Applications

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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Design of a Wideband 8x8 MIMO Microstrip Patch Antenna for 5G
Applications
Kalpita B Velip1, Ameeta G Sinai Amonkar2
1 Student, Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Goa Engineering college, Goa, India
2 Professor, Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Goa Engineering college, Goa, India
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Abstract - In the Recent technology development most of
the used antennas are low-profile antennas elements with
Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) antenna array is presented
for 5G devices. The paper focusses on the system that can
operate at a wideband range that covers 4.9–6.2 GHz.
Desirable antenna wideband capability is obtained by
introducing slots in the patch where theoverallantennasizeis
(46.42 mm × 46.42 mm). The technique of band enhancement
of creating slots in the antenna is used so far. The simulated
results of the presented paper of MIMO antenna array show
that in the achieved wide band, the proposed design can
achieve good antenna performances, with isolation >16 and
return loss <-11dB are calculated. The antenna gain and
radiation patternaredemonstrated. TheproposedMulti-Input
Multi-Output (MIMO) antenna system presents small size,
simple design and wider bandwidth. This MIMO antenna
parameters have been studied with the HFSS software to
obtain a better output.
Key Words: wideband,MIMOantenna,microstrippatch
antenna, 5G mobile communication
1.INTRODUCTION
Mostly the antennas are singleelementanditisdifficultto
achieve higher gains and channel capacity. Few designs are
array-based being fed through single excitation have
approximately the same channel capacity. That is why the
frequency channelsare busymost of the time, whichreduces
the data rate. Moreover, the bandwidths are very low to
accommodate the greater number of users. Therefore, it is
inevitable to use the MlMO technique for 5G bands to
accommodate a greater number of users and provide them
with a suitable higher data rate and better throughput
performance.
Despite many desirable features, 5G has a serious low
penetration power problem that signal fades away on the
reaching to the receiver side from the transmitter side using
one ante
In this paper, 8 x 8 antenna array with wide operating
bandwidth that covers 4.9-6.2 GHz is proposed for 5G
effective communication needed in 5G equipment. By
multiplying the number of antenna elements at both the
receiver and transmitter side, we can get a better data rate
and channel capacity.
The microstrip slotted antennas are used for
miniaturization, low profile, inexpensive, lightweight,
simplicity, low profile and reproducibility.
By using open ended and closed ended slots band
enhancement and compactness is achieved. It also helps in
impedance matching, gain enhancement, isolation and for
shifting the frequency at desired frequency.
The reflection coefficients of the antenna design is
evaluated to be less than −11 dB across 4.9–6.2 GHz, with
isolation greater than 16 dB. The S parameters, radiation
performances (radiation pattern, total efficiency and gain)
are investigated. ANSYS HFSS is used to obtain the simulated
results.
2. ANTENNNA DIMENSIONS
The specific geometry that has been adaptedinthispaper
for the antenna element can be seen in the figure shown
below revealing the 8 element MIMO antenna array. The
designed antenna uses FR-4 substrate with relative
permittivity= 4.4 and loss tangent= 0.025 with the size 200
mm x 97 mm x 3 mm. The wideband (4.9–6.2 GHz) is
obtained by introducing slots where the overall antenna size
is (46.42 mm × 46.42 mm).
Fig -1: Single element of the MIMO antenna system
1.2 Design Equations for Patch

Where, w =width of the patch
L =length of the patch
F =Resonant frequency
εr =Dielectric constant of substrate
3. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
In the fig 1 the specific structureof the antennaelementis
shown. The overall square patch is 46.42 mm2. A close ended
and an open ended slot is etched of the shape revealed in the
fig 1 which actsas the dipole to extend the band. Thewidthof
the feed line was designed to be 50 ohms for probe feeding.
The antenna is inset fed.
The MIMO Antenna array is designed using the 8 single
elements on FR-4substrate with relative permittivity of 4.4
and loss tangentof 0.025 as shown in the fig 2 below.
Fig -2: The proposed design of 8x8 MIMO Antenna
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 S Parameter
Using the HFSS the resultsof theproposedantenna structure
have been simulated. It can be seen in fig 3 that each
element can cover the bandwidth from 4.9 to 6.2GHz with
return loss less than -11 dB. A return loss of -11.5 dB and -
13 dB is observed at 5GHz and 6GHz respectively. The
isolation between the pair of the antenna elements is more
than 16 dB.
Fig -3: Simulated S11 parameter
4.2 Radiation Performances
The MIMO antenna is simulated with the HFSS software
which shows the result in the x and y direction which can be
shown in fig.4 at 3.5 GHz and fig.5 at 6 GHz. As can be seen
from both the figures the radiation is almost unidirectional. .
The simulated 3D patterns at the frequencies 3.5 GHz, 5 GHz
and 6 GHz are shown in fig. 6, fig.7 and fig.8.
Fig -4: Simulated radiation pattern in the xy plane at 3.5
GHZ
Fig -5: Simulated radiation pattern in the xy plane at 6
GHZ

Fig -6: Simulated 3D Gain at 3.5 GHz
Fig -7: Simulated 3D Gain at 5 GHz
Fig -8: Simulated 3D Gain at 6GHz
Table -1: Simulated return loss and gain at different
frequencies
Return loss and Gain at different frequencies
Frequency Return loss (dB) Gain (dB)
3.5 GHz -4.5 dB 1.2 dB
5 GHz -11.5 dB 4.3 dB
6 GHz -13 dB 4.6 dB
5. CONCLUSIONS
A 8x8 element wideband (4.9–6.2 GHz) MIMO antenna has
been designed using 8 single 46.42 mm2 slotted microstrip
line fed planar patch antennas on FR-4 substrate of the size
200 mm x 97 mm x 3 mm. Impedance matching and close
ended and open ended slot is used designing to achieve
frequency adjustment, compactness and good performance.
The bandwidth of 1.3 GHz, covering 4.9–6.2 GHz band with
4.6 dBi peak gain of the antenna, isolation>16dB andreturn
loss <-11dB is achieved. This antenna design of array can be
used for 5G communication to various applications.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My gratitude towards the Principal and H.O.D, Dept. of
Eelectronics and telecommunications, Goa college of
Engineering and the guide Prof. Ameeta G Sinai Amonkar is
expressed.
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