Payment Processing Basics

Payments have evolved from paper and plastic to APIs and orchestration - giving rise to a new breed of players that simplify the complexity and connect the dots behind the scenes. Here's how we got here. 𝟭. 𝗜𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗽𝗿𝗲-𝟭𝟵𝟵𝟬𝘀 𝗲𝗿𝗮, banks owned the entire payments value chain -acquiring, processing, settlement. Merchant onboarding was complex, and domestic clearing systems ruled. 𝟮. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗿𝗶𝘀𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗲-𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗲𝗿𝗰𝗲 in the late 1990s changed everything. Players like PayPal and Authorize made online payments possible, while banks began exiting the acquiring space or partnering with processors to keep up with demand. 𝟯. 𝗕𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝟮𝟬𝟬𝟬 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝟮𝟬𝟭𝟬, specialized gateways and regional wallets began to scale, offering merchants greater flexibility and control. The launch of SEPA in Europe marked a push toward payment harmonization, while non-bank players started building infrastructure that bypassed traditional acquiring models altogether. 𝟰. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗳𝘁 𝘁𝗼 𝗔𝗣𝗜-𝗱𝗿𝗶𝘃𝗲𝗻 𝗶𝗻𝗳𝗿𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗿𝘂𝗰𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗲 transformed payments from siloed systems into modular, developer-friendly tools. Merchant onboarding became faster, integrations simpler, and innovation more scalable. Open Banking regulations enabled direct access to bank data, while new credit models redefined consumer behavior. Payments evolved into a flexible, programmable layer of the digital economy. 𝟱. 𝗧𝗼𝗱𝗮𝘆, we’re in the age of seamless integration. Payments are embedded in everything - from ride-hailing apps to SuperApps. Real-time rails like SEPA Instant, UPI and PIX are live. CBDCs are in pilot. However, as payment ecosystems grow more fragmented - with new methods, regional schemes, compliance layers, and fraud risks -complexity has become a major bottleneck for merchants, fintechs, and even banks. Integrating multiple providers, maintaining uptime across systems, and ensuring regulatory compliance isn't just costly - it's unsustainable without the right foundation. This is where a new breed of infrastructure players like 𝗔𝗸𝘂𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗰𝗼 fit in - offering the tools to simplify complexity and still retain control. • 𝗪𝗵𝗶𝘁𝗲-𝗹𝗮𝗯𝗲𝗹 𝗽𝗮𝘆𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗴𝗮𝘁𝗲𝘄𝗮𝘆𝘀 let banks, PSPs, and fintechs launch their own branded platforms fast - without building from scratch. • 𝗣𝗮𝘆𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗼𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 enables merchants to route transactions dynamically across multiple acquirers, reducing costs and failed payments while improving UX. • 𝗕𝗮𝗻𝗸𝘀 can embed API-driven acquiring services into their offerings without the burden of a full-scale tech overhaul. In a world where growth brings fragmentation, the real challenge isn’t enabling payments - it’s managing them. The advantage will lie with infrastructure that can unify complexity, adapt in real time, and scale across borders without adding friction. Opinions: my own, Graphic source: Akurateco Payment Hub Subscribe to my newsletter: https://lnkd.in/dkqhnxdg

Digital Wallet Apps: how do they work? Basically, there are 3 distinct groups of B2C wallet apps: 1️⃣ 𝗣𝗮𝘀𝘀-𝘁𝗵𝗿𝗼𝘂𝗴𝗵 𝘄𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗲𝘁𝘀; commonly designed as mobile-first, keep tokens that link to your credit and debit cards instead of storing sensitive data or money directly. They don’t take part in moving funds. Once a transaction is initiated, such apps just pass encrypted information to a merchant — hence, the name. In the course of further payment processing, the token travels to a payment network to be decrypted and checked against the actual card or account information in the issuing bank. After verification, the payment gets approved and sent to a merchant’s acquiring bank. So, only the network and an issuing bank will know the actual card or account details. Known for high security, pass-through wallets act essentially as extensions of credit and debit cards, so they are more widespread in regions with high card adoption, such as Europe and North America. Major examples: Apple Pay, Samsung Wallet, Chase Mobile app 2️⃣ 𝗦𝘁𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗱 𝘄𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗲𝘁𝘀; also house tokenized payment details but don’t transmit them anywhere. Instead, they perform transactions in two stages. At the funding stage, the wallet acquires money from a customer’s bank account, credit line, or other source. Then, at the payment stage, it sends funds to a merchant. In this scenario, a wallet provider can make additional fraud assessments. At the same time, a payment network or card issuer may know nothing about details of a particular transaction that are disclosed during operations with pass-through solutions. Staged options often support peer-to-peer transfers and cryptocurrencies and allow for storing funds right in the wallet’s account. Major examples: PayPal, Google Wallet (former Google Pay), Cash App (the US and UK only) 3️⃣ 𝗦𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗱𝗶𝗴𝗶𝘁𝗮𝗹 𝘄𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗲𝘁𝘀; work as prepaid cards. Before making a transaction, a user must load money to a wallet’s balance from a bank account, debit or credit card, via peer-to-peer transfer, etc. The availability of funding sources differs across providers, depending on the location and targeted users. A merchant withdraws money directly from the wallet. Stored wallets are especially popular in unbanked and underbanked countries since they enable people to deposit money without having a bank account. Major examples: Apple Cash (US only), Alipay (China’s most popular), WeChat Pay, Paytm Wallet (India’s largest platform for instant payments). The table below made by AltexSoft compares several global digital wallets👇 I highly recommend reading the complete deep dive article on this topic to learn all about this: https://lnkd.in/eU5Zbd5w Find this helpful? [ 𝗿𝗲𝗽𝗼𝘀𝘁 ] Anything to add about this subject? [𝗶𝗻𝘃𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁] Nice story, Marcel. Next! [ 𝗹𝗶𝗸𝗲 ]

Interesting comparison between Apple Pay and Google Pay security models. Apple Pay keeps the entire transaction process more local: The credit card info is stored directly in the Secure Element on the device. A Device Account Number (DAN) is created and used for transactions. Apple doesn’t store your card data on its servers the bank and ecommerce server only see the DAN. Google Pay uses a cloud-based model: Card info is stored on Google’s servers. Google generates a payment token when you make a transaction. This token is then passed to the e-commerce server and ultimately to the bank. Both systems are secure, but Apple’s on-device approach reduces server exposure, which can offer stronger privacy, especially in sensitive contexts. Google’s model allows more server-side flexibility and features like cross-device syncing.

Stripe 𝗯𝘂𝗶𝗹𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗳𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗻𝘀𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗲𝗿 𝗺𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗹 𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝗼𝗻 𝗽𝗮𝘆𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗱𝗮𝘁𝗮! Not for text and NOT for code, BUT for billions of payments. Think GPT, but instead of learning language, it learned the structure, behavior, and patterns behind every transaction: ⬇️ 𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝗶𝘀 𝘄𝗵𝗮𝘁 Stripe 𝗷𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝗱𝗶𝗱? For years, Stripe used traditional ML — separate models for fraud, disputes, and authorizations. Each one relied on handpicked features like BIN codes, ZIP codes, email addresses, and payment methods. That worked — but it was narrow, manually intensive, couldn’t scale and most importantly, it missed the bigger picture. So Stripe trained a transformer, just like GPT — but instead of learning language, it learned from billions of transactions. Each payment — from a coffee in Paris to a subscription in Tokyo — was turned into a dense vector: a numerical fingerprint capturing its behavior and context. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗼𝘂𝘁𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗲? ➜ Transactions with similar behavior cluster naturally — by issuer, merchant, location, or risk ➜ Suspicious patterns emerge organically — without handcrafted rules ➜ Fraud becomes easier to detect — not because it was labeled, but because it’s "understood" This foundation model captures now the structure and relationships between transactions — in real time — the way GPT models understand the flow of words in a sentence. Stripe no longer needs a different model for every use case. They’ve built one that generalizes across many — and keeps learning. 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘂𝗹𝘁? They tested it on one of the hardest problems in the space: Card testing attacks that hide in legitimate traffic. ➜ Traditional ML: 59% detection ➜ Transformer-based model: 97% — overnight Visionary work by Stripe! BUT this approach has implications far beyond payments. Great example to see that foundation models aren’t limited to text. The next phase of AI will probably focus more on transformer architectures trained on high-value, underexplored data domains: transactions, supply chains, behavioral signals, scientific processes — even spreadsheets. 𝗜 𝗮𝗺 𝗽𝗿𝗲𝘁𝘁𝘆 𝘀𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝘄𝗲 𝘄𝗶𝗹𝗹 𝘀𝗲𝗲 𝗺𝘂𝗰𝗵 𝗺𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗱𝗼𝗺𝗮𝗶𝗻-𝘀𝗽𝗲𝗰𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰 𝗳𝗼𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗺𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀 — 𝗽𝘂𝗿𝗽𝗼𝘀𝗲-𝗯𝘂𝗶𝗹𝘁 𝘁𝗼 𝗼𝗽𝗲𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗶𝗻𝘀𝗶𝗱𝗲 𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗽𝗹𝗲𝘅 𝘀𝘆𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗺𝘀 𝗹𝗶𝗸𝗲 𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲, 𝗵𝗲𝗮𝗹𝘁𝗵𝗰𝗮𝗿𝗲, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗲𝗻𝗲𝗿𝗴𝘆. 𝗙𝗼𝗿 𝘆𝗲𝗮𝗿𝘀, 𝗺𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗹𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗵𝗮𝘀 𝗯𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝗳𝗼𝗰𝘂𝘀𝗲𝗱 𝗼𝗻 𝗹𝗮𝗯𝗲𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝗯𝗹𝗲𝗺𝘀. 𝗡𝗼𝘄, 𝘄𝗲'𝗿𝗲 𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗮 𝗽𝗵𝗮𝘀𝗲 𝘄𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝗺𝗼𝗱𝗲𝗹𝘀 𝗯𝗲𝗴𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗼 𝘂𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗺 — 𝘀𝘁𝗿𝘂𝗰𝘁𝘂𝗿𝗮𝗹𝗹𝘆, 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗲𝘅𝘁𝘂𝗮𝗹𝗹𝘆, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗮𝘁 𝘀𝗰𝗮𝗹𝗲. Full story in the comments. 𝗣.𝗦. 𝗜 𝗷𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝗹𝗮𝘂𝗻𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗱 𝗮 𝗳𝗿𝗲𝗲 𝗻𝗲𝘄𝘀𝗹𝗲𝘁𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗼𝗻 𝗔𝗜 𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗸𝗳𝗹𝗼𝘄𝘀 — 𝗮𝗹𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝘆 𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱 𝗯𝘆 𝟮𝟬,𝟬𝟬𝟬+. 𝗝𝗼𝗶𝗻 𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲: https://lnkd.in/dbf74Y9E

The evolution of payment methods is reshaping the way we pay, but how do merchants handle this constant change on a global scale? The past few years have seen an explosion in alternative payment methods (APMs) available to consumers, driven by rapid advancements in technology, growing consumer expectations for seamless experiences, and increased awareness of data privacy. With a myriad of options like digital wallets, cryptocurrencies, and mobile payment apps, consumers now expect the flexibility to choose how they pay. For large merchants, managing such a diverse ecosystem of payment methods can seem overwhelming. However, there are strategies to ensure a smooth integration and management of these options, ultimately providing the best customer experience: Partner with a reliable payment orchestration provider: A well-established payment orchestration platform can handle hundreds of APMs on a global scale, providing merchants with a unified platform for easy management, reduced operational complexity, and region-specific security features. Prioritize popular APMs: Focus on integrating the most widely-used APMs in your target market, while also keeping an eye on emerging trends to stay ahead of the competition. Optimize user experience: Seamless integration of APMs into your existing checkout process is crucial. Design user interfaces that cater to various preferences and devices, ensuring a frictionless payment experience for all customers. Prioritize security and compliance: As you adopt new payment methods, be vigilant about maintaining strict security standards and staying compliant with relevant regulations to protect your business and customers. Stay agile and adaptable: The payments landscape will continue to evolve. Be prepared to iterate on your payment processes and adopt new technologies as they emerge to stay relevant and competitive. By proactively managing the integration of alternative payment methods, large merchants can unlock new opportunities, provide better customer experiences, and stay ahead in the rapidly changing world of commerce. Source Ali Ahmed #payments #fintech #digitalwallets

Why Local Payment Methods (LPMs) dominate in Europe and how Wero could push that even further in 2025.👇 When it comes to payments across Europe, traditional card schemes like Visa, Mastercard, and AMEX do not reign supreme in the way they do in markets like the US or UK. Instead, local payment methods (LPMs) are king. There are several very good reasons for that: 🔸 Cultural familiarity. Consumers in countries like the Netherlands, Germany, and Sweden are deeply accustomed to using local rails like iDEAL, SEPA, SOFORT, and Swish. 🔸 Trust & reliability. These LPMs are often backed by domestic banks or governments, earning a level of trust that global cards don’t always match. 🔸 Cost efficiency. For merchants, LPMs typically come with lower transaction fees than cards. 🔸 Higher conversion rates. Payment flows are optimised for local users, leading to smoother checkouts and fewer abandoned carts. _________________________ 🚀 Enter Wero – Europe’s answer for the Digital Wallet age Wero, the new pan-European digital wallet backed by the European Payments Initiative (EPI), aims to unify this fragmented landscape even further. It’s designed to offer: ✔️ Seamless account-to-account payments ✔️ Instant P2P transfers ✔️ Cross-border functionality ✔️ A real alternative to non-EU wallets like PayPal or Apple Pay If it gains real traction, Wero has the potential to strengthen European payment sovereignty and further reduce reliance on non-EU card networks. That’s a big deal for merchants, banks, and consumers alike. As a merchant looking to expand across the EU in 2025, understanding and enabling local payment methods isn’t optional, it’s essential. I for one am going to be keeping a very close eye on Wero as it rolls out further afield this year. ➡️ Where do you see Wero fitting in? ➡️ Will it gain ground or struggle to take off?

International payments got you feeling like you're stuck in the dial-up era? Imagine a world where sending money overseas is as easy as sending an email. Did you know slow & expensive payments cost businesses up to 8% per transaction? Here's how to break free! Here's why the future of cross-border B2B payments is looking bright, and what you can do to get ahead of the curve. Why are Traditional Cross-Border Payments a Nightmare? 1/ Navigating a Labyrinth: Every country has its own banking regulations, making transactions complex and overflowing with paperwork. 2/ Hidden Fees: Like a bad surprise party, intermediary banks love to add surprise fees, and foreign exchange rates can be a real buzzkill. The total cost? Up to a whopping 8% of your transaction value! 3/ Waiting...and Waiting...and Waiting: Remember dial-up internet? That's the speed of traditional cross-border payments. Transactions can take days, even weeks, to complete. 4/ Transparency? Never Heard of Her: Unclear fees and exchange rates make it nearly impossible to manage costs and reconcile transactions. These inefficiencies strangle businesses, especially small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), hindering global trade. But wait, there's hope! The Future of Frictionless Payments is Here! - Fintech to the Rescue: Innovative financial technology companies are offering faster, cheaper, and more transparent payment options. Get ready to say goodbye to the paperwork jungle! - Regulatory Harmony: Countries are working together to streamline regulations, simplifying the cross-border payment process. How to Choose the Right Cross-Border Payment Partner? Not all heroes wear capes, but some wear user-friendly interfaces! Here's what to look for in your ideal partner: Must-Haves: 1/ Global Reach: Can they send and receive money where you do business? 2/ Transparency Matters: Can you see all fees and exchange rates upfront, no surprises allowed! 3/ Cost-Effective: Does the service fit your budget? Don't overpay for slow transactions! 4/ Security First: Are your funds protected from fraud? Bonus Points: 1/ Speed Demon: Need payments to zip across borders? Look for lightning-fast options! 2/ Convenience is King: Is the service user-friendly and easy to navigate? 3/ Traceability is Your Friend: Track your payments in real-time for ultimate peace of mind. 4/ Grow Your Business: Can the service help you tap into new markets? 5/ Reliable as Clockwork: Can you count on them to deliver every time? ️ 6/ Macroeconomic Benefits: Can you rely on the service to boost financial and economic connectivity between jurisdictions and within/between regions The Bottom Line: A seamless cross-border payment solution isn't just a convenience, it's a game-changer. What are your biggest challenges with cross-border payments? Share your thoughts in the comments below! #fintech #internationalpayments #globaltrade #businesssolutions 📸 Source: Kapronasia

If cybercrime were its own country, it would be a $8 trillion economy, larger than almost all countries on earth. That is why job #1 for me and everyone at Visa is cyber & payment security. 24x7x365 days a year we are focused on protecting cardholders, merchants and our infrastructure. We are at the very front lines in protecting payment flows and use the most sophisticated technologies, many of which we have invented ourselves – from finger printing typing/mouse movements to deep inspection of every transaction in near real time. We have thousands of the best engineers in the world working on this across every major time zone, and our multiple operations command centers monitor every aspect of the payment flow and our global infrastructure. On a normal day we collect and analyze billions of data points and use the most sophisticated AI techniques to assist us in ensuring the security of the ecosystem we are so privileged to serve. On Cyber Monday this year, we blocked 85% more suspected fraud globally compared to last year. Our newest tools like Visa Account Attack Intelligence Score, which launched earlier this year, leverages gen AI to stop enumeration attacks even before they commence. Last year we proactively blocked $40B of suspected fraudulent transactions, and our focus on continued investment is relentless and reflected in the $11B we have spent on this over the last 5 years. With that said, the hackers are not resting. They are using cutting edge tools, AI and other social engineering techniques to try and scam you directly. The best way to stay protected is to be aware of these methods, remain vigilant and ensure you are practicing good cybersecurity habits: - Always activate every alert on all your accounts – bank, cards, emails, social media, etc. - Always have strong passwords, change them regularly and don’t use the same credentials on different sites. Ideally use a good password manager. - Activate multi-factor authentication (MFA), and better still, use authenticators from reputable companies like Microsoft, Google, or Symantec. Passkeys are another form of MFA and are supported by many organizations including Visa. Passkeys eliminate passwords and are phishing-resistant. - Lock down money transfers in your bank/brokerage accounts when you are not planning to transact. - Establish SIM PINs with your telecom providers. - Do not click on hyperlinks in emails and text messages from anyone unknown - Use a good antivirus/anti malware on your devices - Keep your applications and operating system always up to date and patched - Always confirm legitimacy of the site you are on and it is a secure ‘s’ connection (ensure the url begins with https://) As we approach peak shopping season, I encourage everyone to be aware of the latest threats and read the recent report published by Visa (link in the comments). Please stay safe and enjoy the holidays. Rest assured we will be working behind the scenes to do our part to protect you 24x7.

What Is Payment Orchestration? 💡 Payment orchestration is the process of streamlining and managing all payment flows through a centralized platform. It connects to multiple PSPs, acquirers, and payment methods, enabling businesses to scale, process transactions more efficiently, and increase approval rates. Orchestration acts as the layer above PSPs and acquirers, managing how payments are routed, retried, and reported across the entire stack. At its core, orchestration is about building modular, adaptable, and scalable payment infrastructure. What Payment Orchestration platforms do: 1️⃣ Acceptance: Enables merchants to extend their acceptance by providing payers with the preferred ways to pay, like cards, wallets, and local payment methods, all via a single integration. 2️⃣ Routing & Fallbacks: Automatically sends each transaction through the best provider using real-time logic (country, card type, amount, past performance, or real-time availability). If one provider is down or a transaction fails, the orchestrator reroutes through an alternative, minimizing declines. 3️⃣ Reconciliation: - Pulls all settlements, fees, chargebacks, and refunds into one dashboard. - Data is reconciled in real-time and on an hourly basis to prevent any drift between the provider and orchestrator. 4️⃣ Reporting & Analytics:  - Gives full visibility into payment performance: approval rates, declines, and chargebacks across all markets and providers. - All data is available in a single admin panel. Benefits of Payment Orchestration: ✅ Multi-PSP setup: Easily add or switch providers without touching the code. ✅ Higher approval rate: Smart routing + fallbacks = fewer false declines. ✅ Lower costs: Route to local acquirers; skip unnecessary FX fees; A/B test providers to find the best blend of cost and performance. ✅ Global-ready: Expand to new regions by simply plugging in the right local PSP. ✅ Better checkout UX: Supports payment methods customers expect; fewer errors and drop-offs.  ✅ Monitoring: Provides real-time visibility into performance, errors, and approval rates across all providers. ✅ Resilience: No single point of failure: if one provider goes down, payments don’t. ✅ No-code workflows: One integration, no custom logic, just config. ✅ Adaptive fraud routing: Triggers 3DS only when it makes sense based on issuer, region, or amount. Source: Solidgate - https://shorturl.at/jeBjK #Innovation #Fintech #Banking #OpenBanking #API #FinancialServices #Payments #PaymentOrchestration #Acceptance #Acquiring #Scheme #Settlement #Transaction #Fraud  

Fraudulent activities pose a significant threat to many businesses, making it crucial to detect and prevent them to protect both the company's reputation and bottom line. In a blog post by the engineering team from Booking.com, they share their innovative approach to combating fraud using graph technology. The rationale behind leveraging graph technology for fraud detection is straightforward: often, there are hidden links between various actors, identifiers, and transactions. For example, if an email address has been previously associated with fraudulent activity, it provides valuable context for future detection. This interconnected nature makes graph-based features highly effective for identifying fraud. The team at Booking built a graph using historical data, such as reservation requests. In this graph, nodes represent transaction identifiers like account numbers and credit card details, while edges connect identifiers that have been observed together before. When assessing fraud risk, they query the graph database to build a local graph centered around the request identifier, which helps to evaluate the likelihood of fraudulent behavior. One aspect that stands out is the dynamic visual representation of how the graph evolves with customer interactions, making it easier to understand the benefits of graph technology in fraud detection. It serves as a nice introduction to the potential of graph technology in combating fraudulent activities. #machinelearning #graph #datascience #analytics #fraud #detection – – –  Check out the "Snacks Weekly on Data Science" podcast and subscribe, where I explain in more detail the concepts discussed in this and future posts:    -- Spotify: https://lnkd.in/gKgaMvbh   -- Apple Podcast: https://lnkd.in/gj6aPBBY    -- Youtube: https://lnkd.in/gcwPeBmR https://lnkd.in/gQAwSz7D