Add SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA and update SQLite (#2948)

## Motivation for the change, related issues
Our SQLite builds don't set the `SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA` flag,
which results in some metadata missing when
[`PDOStatement::getColumnMeta`](https://www.php.net/manual/en/pdostatement.getcolumnmeta.php)
is used. This results in issues like missing row editing controls in
phpMyAdmin and possibly other problems.

This flag seems to be set in most libsqlite3 builds:
https://www.rogerbinns.com/blog/sqlite-configuration.html

Therefore, I think it's safe to add it and, from the SQLite side, assume
that it's always used.

## Implementation details
I added the flag, updated SQLite, rebuilt it, and rebuilt all PHP
builds.

## Testing Instructions (or ideally a Blueprint)
I added tests for the `SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA` and they need to
pass.

Author: JanJakes

packages/php-wasm/compile/libsqlite3/Dockerfile

@@ -15,14 +15,15 @@ RUN if [ "$JSPI" = "1" ]; then \
 
 
 RUN set -euxo pipefail &&\
-    wget --no-check-certificate https://www.sqlite.org/2022/sqlite-autoconf-3400100.tar.gz && \
-    tar -xzvf sqlite-autoconf-3400100.tar.gz && \
-    mv sqlite-autoconf-3400100 sqlite-src && \
+    wget --no-check-certificate https://sqlite.org/2025/sqlite-autoconf-3510000.tar.gz && \
+    tar -xzvf sqlite-autoconf-3510000.tar.gz && \
+    mv sqlite-autoconf-3510000 sqlite-src && \
     cd sqlite-src && \
     source /root/emsdk/emsdk_env.sh && \
+	export CFLAGS="-DSQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA -DSQLITE_ENABLE_FTS5 -DSQLITE_USE_URI" && \
     emconfigure ./configure \
-        --build i386-pc-linux-gnu \
-        --target wasm32-unknown-emscripten \
+        --build=i386-pc-linux-gnu \
+        --host=wasm32-unknown-emscripten \
         --prefix=/root/lib/ && \
     export JSPI_FLAGS=$(if [ "$JSPI" = "1" ]; then echo "-sSUPPORT_LONGJMP=wasm -fwasm-exceptions"; else echo ""; fi) && \
     export EMCC_SKIP="-lc"; \

packages/php-wasm/compile/libsqlite3/asyncify/dist/root/lib/include/sqlite3.h

@@ -359,6 +359,19 @@ struct sqlite3_api_routines {
   const char *(*db_name)(sqlite3*,int);
   /* Version 3.40.0 and later */
   int (*value_encoding)(sqlite3_value*);
+  /* Version 3.41.0 and later */
+  int (*is_interrupted)(sqlite3*);
+  /* Version 3.43.0 and later */
+  int (*stmt_explain)(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+  /* Version 3.44.0 and later */
+  void *(*get_clientdata)(sqlite3*,const char*);
+  int (*set_clientdata)(sqlite3*, const char*, void*, void(*)(void*));
+  /* Version 3.50.0 and later */
+  int (*setlk_timeout)(sqlite3*,int,int);
+  /* Version 3.51.0 and later */
+  int (*set_errmsg)(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
+  int (*db_status64)(sqlite3*,int,sqlite3_int64*,sqlite3_int64*,int);
+  
 };
 
 /*
@@ -685,6 +698,18 @@ typedef int (*sqlite3_loadext_entry)(
 #define sqlite3_db_name                sqlite3_api->db_name
 /* Version 3.40.0 and later */
 #define sqlite3_value_encoding         sqlite3_api->value_encoding
+/* Version 3.41.0 and later */
+#define sqlite3_is_interrupted         sqlite3_api->is_interrupted
+/* Version 3.43.0 and later */
+#define sqlite3_stmt_explain           sqlite3_api->stmt_explain
+/* Version 3.44.0 and later */
+#define sqlite3_get_clientdata         sqlite3_api->get_clientdata
+#define sqlite3_set_clientdata         sqlite3_api->set_clientdata
+/* Version 3.50.0 and later */
+#define sqlite3_setlk_timeout          sqlite3_api->setlk_timeout
+/* Version 3.51.0 and later */
+#define sqlite3_set_errmsg             sqlite3_api->set_errmsg
+#define sqlite3_db_status64            sqlite3_api->db_status64
 #endif /* !defined(SQLITE_CORE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION) */
 
 #if !defined(SQLITE_CORE) && !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION)

packages/php-wasm/compile/libsqlite3/asyncify/dist/root/lib/include/sqlite3ext.h

@@ -1 +1 @@
-libsqlite3.so.0.8.6
+libsqlite3.so.3.51.0

packages/php-wasm/compile/libsqlite3/asyncify/dist/root/lib/lib/libsqlite3.a

@@ -1 +1 @@
-libsqlite3.so.0.8.6
+libsqlite3.so.3.51.0

packages/php-wasm/compile/libsqlite3/asyncify/dist/root/lib/lib/libsqlite3.la

@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 # Package Information for pkg-config
 
-prefix=/root/lib
+prefix=/root/lib/
 exec_prefix=${prefix}
 libdir=${exec_prefix}/lib
 includedir=${prefix}/include
 
 Name: SQLite
 Description: SQL database engine
-Version: 3.40.1
+Version: 3.51.0
 Libs: -L${libdir} -lsqlite3
-Libs.private: 
+Libs.private:     
 Cflags: -I${includedir}